程式設計 Ruby:實用程式員指南(第二版)
一份全面的 Ruby 程式語言參考與教學指南,涵蓋基本語法、物件導向設計、進階功能如反射與執行緒,以及 1.8 版本的完整函式庫參考。
課程總覽
📚 內容摘要
一份全面的 Ruby 程式語言參考與教學手冊,涵蓋基礎語法、物件導向設計、反射與多執行緒等進階功能,並提供 1.8 版本的完整函式庫參考。
掌握優雅而強大的程式設計藝術,這份最具權威性的 Ruby 語言指南將助你成為專家。
作者: Dave Thomas, Chad Fowler, Andy Hunt
致謝: Ruby 郵件列表的審稿人、松本行弘(Matz)、Chad Fowler、Kim Wimpsett,以及實用程式員社群。
🎯 學習目標
- 使用各種方法(二進位、原始碼或 CVS)安裝與設定 Ruby 環境,並使用互動工具如 irb 與 ri。
- 應用 Ruby 的命名規範與物件導向原則,定義方法並管理變數。
- 使用基本陣列、雜湊與正則表示式來操作資料。
- 使用單一繼承、super 與混入(mixin)定義與實作類別層次結構。
- 使用存取控制(公開、私有、保護)與屬性來控制物件可見性與資料完整性。
- 建構強健的容器類別(例如 SongList),並整合單元測試。
- 使用各種進位制(十六進位、八進位、二進位)實作數值邏輯,並利用數值迭代器進行流程控制。
- 使用內插、heredoc 及各種分隔符格式建構複雜字串。
- 將區間(Ranges)應用於條件邏輯中的「切換開關」及區間測試。
- 使用靈活的參數清單(星號運算子)、基於雜湊的「關鍵字」參數,以及區塊轉過程式物件(block-to-proc)來定義與呼叫方法。
課程 共 15 课时 · 预计 45.0h
課程
Lesson
This lesson introduces the history and philosophy of the Ruby language while guiding students through setting up a stable development environment on POSIX systems. Students will learn to manage Ruby versions, utilize package managers for dependencies, and execute scripts using standard Shebang notation.
This lesson explores inheritance in Ruby, focusing on how subclasses establish an "is-a" relationship with parent classes to evolve state and behavior. Students will learn to use the super keyword to manage initialization chains and method augmentation while maintaining encapsulation to avoid tight coupling.
This lesson explores Ruby’s scalar data types, focusing on the automatic memory management between Fixnum and Bignum integers and the use of strict conversion methods. Students will also learn to optimize string manipulation and data extraction workflows by constructing complex regular expressions.
AI035: Ch. 6-7: Method Logic and Expression Control (Lesson 4) This lesson explores flexible method definitions in Ruby, focusing on the use of default parameters, the splat operator for argument handling, and expression-based return values. Students will learn how to build adaptive interfaces and utilize parallel assignment to improve code efficiency and readability.
This lesson explores Ruby's exception hierarchy, teaching students how to treat errors as data objects to build more resilient and maintainable applications. You will learn to implement effective error handling by distinguishing between recoverable application errors and fatal system failures while applying modularity principles to improve system stability.
This lesson explores Ruby's stream-based I/O architecture, focusing on how the IO class and Kernel methods provide a unified, bidirectional interface for interacting with files, sockets, and standard streams. Students will learn to effectively manage data flow, utilize standard filters, and apply best practices for input handling and output buffering in Ruby applications.
This lesson explores the principles of reliable Ruby programming through systematic unit testing, debugging, and performance optimization. Students will learn to implement the Test::Unit framework to isolate logic errors, utilize assertions for real-time validation, and apply profiling techniques to improve code efficiency.
This lesson explores the Ruby operational environment, focusing on efficient development workflows through command-line utilities, interactive debugging with IRB, and documentation management using RDoc. Students will learn to leverage Ruby's built-in tools for stream processing, project navigation, and graceful program termination.
This lesson explores the RubyGems ecosystem, focusing on how architectural isolation and runtime path management allow multiple versions of the same library to coexist. Students will learn to resolve dependency trees, manage version constraints, and use RubyGems to prevent version collisions in complex development environments.
This lesson explores the transition from linear terminal scripts to event-driven GUI applications by integrating remote SOAP services into Ruby interfaces. Students will learn to use WSDL dynamic discovery and data sanitization techniques to build responsive, user-friendly dashboards that effectively manage complex, nested data.
This lesson explores how to extend Ruby with C to achieve high-performance execution while maintaining compatibility with Ruby’s object model. Students will learn to use the VALUE type as a bridge between languages, register C functions as Ruby methods, and manage memory safely within the Ruby Garbage Collector.
This lesson explores the structural anatomy of Ruby scripts, focusing on the language's execution lifecycle, reserved keywords, and the use of magic constants like `__FILE__`, `__LINE__`, and `DATA`. Students will learn to implement modular design patterns, such as the `if __FILE__ == $0` execution gate, to create versatile scripts that function as both standalone tools and reusable libraries.
This lesson explores the core philosophy of duck typing and the mechanics of dynamic method dispatch in Ruby. Students will learn how to implement polymorphic interfaces, handle variable arguments, and utilize blocks and the yield mechanism to create flexible, message-driven code.
This lesson explores the internal architecture of Ruby objects, focusing on how the `klass` and `super` pointers facilitate method resolution and inheritance. Students will learn how Ruby decouples instance state from class-based logic and how virtual classes are utilized to manage singleton methods.
This lesson explores Ruby’s reflection and introspection capabilities, teaching students how to dynamically inspect object interfaces, hierarchies, and capabilities at runtime. Participants will learn to implement meta-programming patterns like duck typing and dynamic dispatch while understanding the performance trade-offs of these powerful tools.