An Introduction to R Programming

This course is a comprehensive introduction to the R language environment, covering core topics ranging from basic numerical vector operations, object attributes, and array/matrix handling to list/data frame management, statistical modeling, and high-quality graphics production. It is suitable as an introductory textbook for statistical analysis and data science.

Master the core of the R language and open the door to statistical computing and data visualization.

Author: R Development Core Team

Acknowledgments: 本手册由 R 开发核心小组维护。中文版感谢 Shigeru MASE 的日文翻译基础，以及 Dr. ZP Li, Dr. Rui Li 等中文翻译团队的贡献。

1. Initialize R sessions, navigate the help system, and apply basic syntax rules (case sensitivity, assignments, and comments).
2. Distinguish between and create logical vectors, character vectors, and handle missing values (NA and NaN).
3. Utilize four distinct indexing methods to select, exclude, or modify specific subsets of data.
4. Identify and modify the intrinsic attributes (mode and length) of R objects.
5. Utilize the class() and attr() functions to manage object metadata and data structures.
6. Create and manipulate factors and ordered factors to represent categorical data.
7. Define and construct arrays and matrices using dimension vectors and the array() function.
8. Apply advanced indexing techniques, including the use of index matrices to extract or modify specific elements.
9. Execute linear algebra operations including outer products, generalized transposes, and matrix inversions.
10. Construct and Modify Lists: Create named and unnamed lists and combine them using specific R syntax.