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Rust 程式語言

一份全面的 Rust 入門指南,涵蓋系統程式設計概念、記憶體安全性、並行處理以及 Rust 工具鏈(Cargo、rustup)。課程從基本語法逐步過渡到建立完整的專案,例如多線程網路伺服器。

5.0
63.0h
763 學習者
21 lessons
0 讚好
人工智能
開始學習

課程總覽

📚 內容概要

一本全面的 Rust 入門指南,涵蓋系統程式設計概念、記憶體安全、並行處理以及 Rust 工具鏈(Cargo、rustup)。內容從基本語法逐步過渡到建立完整專案,例如多線程網路伺服器。

掌握安全、高效且並行的系統程式設計藝術,這份最權威的 Rust 指南不容錯過。

作者: Steve Klabnik 與 Carol Nichols,並由 Rust 社群貢獻

致謝: 感謝 Rust 社群的貢獻;由 No Starch Press 出版紙本與電子書格式。

🎯 學習目標

  1. 成功在不同作業系統上使用 rustup 安裝和管理 Rust 工具鏈。
  2. 寫出、編譯並執行一個基本的 Rust 程式,辨識程式碼的核心結構組成。
  3. 使用 Cargo 建立標準化的專案結構,管理建構流程,並產生優化後的發行版本二進位檔。
  4. 捕捉並儲存使用者輸入,同時妥善管理變數可變性與可能的 I/O 失敗。
  5. 使用 Cargo 整合外部依賴,並透過 Cargo.lock 管理可重現的建構。
  6. 利用型別推論、字串解析、迴圈與 match 控制流程運算子實作遊戲邏輯。
  7. 区分常數與變數遮蔽,以有效管理資料不可變性與作用域。
  8. 正確實作標量(整數、浮點數、布林值、字元)與複合型別(元組、陣列)。
  9. 釐清陳述句與表達式的差異,以定義具有特定回傳值的函式。
  10. 區分堆疊與堆記憶體,並解釋 Rust 如何管理堆上的資料。

課程

Lesson

This lesson introduces the Rust programming language, focusing on its core philosophy of developer empowerment, memory safety, and high-performance systems programming. Students will learn to navigate the Rust ecosystem, including the Cargo package manager, the six-week release cycle, and the importance of accessible documentation.

This lesson introduces interactive programming in Rust by teaching students how to handle console input and output using the standard library and macros. You will learn to manage program state through variables and mutability while implementing a basic guessing game that processes user input.

This lesson covers fundamental programming concepts in Rust, focusing on the use of constants for memory safety and performance through compile-time evaluation. Students will learn how to declare constants with explicit type annotations and distinguish them from mutable variables to ensure code reliability.

This lesson explores how Rust achieves memory safety and high performance by replacing manual memory management and garbage collection with a compile-time ownership system. Students will learn how the borrow checker enforces strict rules to prevent common memory bugs while ensuring efficient, predictable execution.

This lesson explores the transition from handling raw data using slices and arrays to organizing information into defined structures. You will learn how to master struct syntax, manage member access, and improve code clarity by moving beyond anonymous memory types to domain-specific schemas.

This lesson explores the power of Rust enums, focusing on how they provide type safety, namespacing, and exhaustive state management through pattern matching. Students will learn to define multi-variant enums with associated data and implement robust logic using match expressions to handle various program states.

This lesson explores Rust's hierarchical module system, teaching students how to organize code into packages, crates, and modules to improve scalability and maintainability. You will learn how to manage item visibility with the `pub` keyword and structure projects using a dual-crate architecture to separate core logic from executable interfaces.

This lesson explores how Rust manages heap-allocated collections like vectors and strings, focusing on dynamic memory growth and the role of the Drop trait in RAII-based memory safety. Students will also learn to navigate Rust's module system, including file resolution rules and idiomatic path management using pub use.

This lesson explores Rust's philosophy of reliability by distinguishing between recoverable errors, which are managed via the Result type, and unrecoverable errors, which trigger a panic to ensure system integrity. Students will learn to implement the fail-fast principle and design robust recovery mechanisms to prevent silent data corruption and maintain predictable application states.

This lesson explores the path to robust abstraction in Rust by demonstrating how to refactor duplicate code into concrete functions before transitioning to generic types. Students will learn to identify logic duplication, implement traits for shared behavior, and utilize lifetime annotations to manage complex ownership scenarios.

This lesson explores the role of automated testing in Rust, highlighting how the #[test] attribute and the cargo test toolchain complement the compiler to ensure functional correctness. Students will learn the standard test lifecycle—setup, execution, and assertion—while mastering techniques like conditional compilation and documentation testing to build robust, reliable software.

This lesson explores how to build a robust command-line tool in Rust by separating core logic into a library crate and keeping the binary crate minimal. Students will learn to implement modular project structures, manage command-line arguments, and utilize Rust’s testing framework to ensure code reliability.

This lesson explores Rust's functional programming features, focusing on how closures capture their environment using the Fn, FnMut, and FnOnce traits. Students will learn to implement efficient, zero-cost data pipelines by utilizing lazy iterator adaptors and consumers to replace manual loops.

This lesson covers advanced Cargo project management, including the use of workspaces, custom build logic, and the Crates.io publishing workflow. Students will also learn how to optimize Rust applications by configuring release profiles and feature flags to balance compilation speed with runtime performance.

This lesson explores the Rust smart pointer pattern, which uses structs to encapsulate memory addresses with metadata and custom logic for ownership and cleanup. Students will learn how to implement the Deref and Drop traits to manage heap-allocated data safely and effectively.

This lesson explores Rust's "Fearless Concurrency" philosophy, which leverages the ownership model and type system to detect data races at compile-time rather than runtime. Students will learn to implement safe shared state using primitives like Arc and Mutex while mastering the Send and Sync marker traits to ensure thread safety.

This lesson explores how Rust implements object-oriented principles like encapsulation and polymorphism by favoring composition and traits over traditional class-based inheritance. Students will learn to leverage the State-as-Type pattern to enforce logic and safety at compile-time, ensuring robust and maintainable systems programming.

This lesson explores the fundamental role of pattern matching in Rust, demonstrating how patterns function as the core mechanism for variable binding, function parameters, and data destructuring. Students will learn to distinguish between irrefutable and refutable patterns to ensure code reliability and master the use of advanced structural decomposition techniques.

This lesson explores the necessity of Unsafe Rust as a controlled mechanism to bypass the compiler's conservative static analysis when interacting with hardware or complex memory operations. Students will learn to implement safe abstractions by wrapping unsafe code, mastering raw pointers, and understanding the trade-offs between compile-time safety and performance.

This lesson explores building a high-performance web server in Rust by leveraging procedural macros for compile-time routing and efficient request handling. Students will learn to manage the TcpStream lifecycle and utilize synchronization primitives to ensure robust, thread-safe communication.

This lesson explores the lexical architecture of Rust, focusing on the use of specialized literals, documentation comments, and structural symbols. Students will learn to navigate the Rust reference to effectively utilize raw strings, numeric suffixes, and diverging types to write more precise and maintainable code.